🇺🇦 Ukraine
This page describes how schools in Ukraine grade pupils, from the first year of primary school (year 1, about age 6–7) to the end of upper secondary, and how to build the same system in MarkBook. Back to Find Your Country.
Check the current rules
This description comes from public sources (ministry pages, national laws, Eurydice) read in October 2026. Rules change with reforms, and schools often have local rules. Check the current official text for anything your school reports to the ministry.
How pupils are graded
Before year 1: Pre-school education (дошкільна освіта) is not graded. School starts at 6 with grade 1; grades 1-2 are verbal only.
| Years | Stage | Scale | Pass | Recipe |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1-2 | Початкова освіта, 1-2 класи (primary, first years) | Verbal (formative) assessment only; no marks | None. Pupils generally progress; repetition only on written parental request, once in primary. | Written description |
| 3-4 | Початкова освіта, 3-4 класи (primary, upper years) | Verbal or level assessment, chosen by the school's pedagogical council: initial / average / sufficient / high | Above 'initial' in Ukrainian language and mathematics (initial level there leads to an individual plan or repeating the year once) | Words |
| 5-9 | Базова середня освіта (basic/lower secondary, gymnasium) | 1-12, 12 best; four levels: initial 1-3, average 4-6, sufficient 7-9, high 10-12 | 4 (average level). 1-3 (initial) in Ukrainian language, mathematics, algebra or geometry leads to an individual plan or repeating the year. Below level 1: 'не атестований' (not attested). | Whole-number marks |
| 10-11 | Профільна середня освіта (upper secondary, lyceum) | 1-12, 12 best (same four levels as grades 5-9) | 4 | Whole-number marks |
Values in Початкова освіта, 1-2 класи (primary, first years)
| Value | Local word | English |
|---|---|---|
| сформовано | сформовано | Formed (skill achieved) |
| формується | формується | Developing |
Values in Початкова освіта, 3-4 класи (primary, upper years)
| Value | Local word | English |
|---|---|---|
| П | початковий | Initial |
| С | середній | Average |
| Д | достатній | Sufficient |
| В | високий | High |
Values in Базова середня освіта (basic/lower secondary, gymnasium)
| Value | Local word | English |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | початковий рівень | Initial level (low) |
| 2 | початковий рівень | Initial level |
| 3 | початковий рівень | Initial level (top) |
| 4 | середній рівень | Average level (low) |
| 5 | середній рівень | Average level |
| 6 | середній рівень | Average level (top) |
| 7 | достатній рівень | Sufficient level (low) |
| 8 | достатній рівень | Sufficient level |
| 9 | достатній рівень | Sufficient level (top) |
| 10 | високий рівень | High level (low) |
| 11 | високий рівень | High level |
| 12 | високий рівень | High level (top) |
| н/а | не атестований | Not attested |
The year. Two semesters (I: September-December, II: January-May/June). Semester marks twice a year and an annual mark at the end of the year. Thematic marks during the semester. Grades 9 and 11 also get the certificate (свідоцтво) at the end of the stage. The e-journal/e-diary is common.
Averages and rounding. Semester mark: by default the arithmetic mean of current and summative marks for each group of results (order 1093 explanation); the teacher may raise it to reflect progress. The subject's semester mark is based on the group marks. Annual mark: no separate annual test; it is based on the two semester marks (may be their mean, but not necessarily; the teacher considers the pupil's progress over the year). Pupils may ask to improve a semester or annual mark. No national rounding rule found; in practice half points round up. No national minimum number of marks found.
Passing the year. Grades 1-2: automatic progression (repeat only on parental request, once). Grades 3-4 and 5-8: initial level (1-3) in Ukrainian language or mathematics/algebra/geometry leads to either promotion with an individual curriculum or repeating the year once. Grade 9: certificate of basic secondary education; honours with 10-12 in all subjects. Grade 11: certificate of full secondary education.
Conduct. No official conduct or behaviour mark. Primary certificates record 'Characteristics of learning activities' (Formed / Developing).
Differences between regions or school types. National system, the same in all oblasts. Differences come from the reform transition: NUS grades (1-7, pilot 8) use the new group-of-results method; older cohorts use the 2011 criteria. Schools may use their own internal scale with conversion to 1-12. Wartime: many schools teach remotely or in shifts; the occupied territories are outside the system.
Common practice that is not official. Teachers often give points for tasks and convert to 1-12; some use the 5-10 point or 2/3/4-level verbal scales for formative work. Some families and teachers still think in the old Soviet 5-point system (5 = 10-12, 4 = 7-9, 3 = 4-6, 2 = 1-3). None of these is the official recorded result.
National exams.
- ДПА 4 клас (State final attestation, grade 4) (year 4): Monitoring; does not change the annual grade
- ДПА 9 клас (State final attestation, grade 9) (year 9): 1-12
- НМТ (National multi-subject test) / ЗНО (former external independent evaluation) (year 11): 100-200 for university admission; converted 1-12 for graduation where it counts as DPA
Words you will meet
Mark/grade: оцінка (otsinka), бал (bal, point). Average: середній бал / середнє арифметичне. Term: семестр (semester). Report card: свідоцтво досягнень (certificate of achievements, grades 1-9 annual record); табель (common name for the report). Annual mark: річна оцінка. Thematic mark: тематична оцінка. State final attestation: ДПА (державна підсумкова атестація). National multi-subject test: НМТ.
Set it up in MarkBook
Create three scales: (1) a verbal scale 'Сформовано / Формується' for grades 1-2; (2) a level scale П/С/Д/В with points 1-4 for grades 3-4; (3) a numeric scale 1-12 with boundaries 1-3 initial, 4-6 average, 7-9 sufficient, 10-12 high, pass from 4, for grades 5-11. Use two reporting periods (Semester I, Semester II) plus a Year column. For grades 5+, add one column per group of results, a thematic/summative column per topic, a semester mark = average of the group marks (rounded half up to a whole point, teacher can override), and an annual mark = average of the two semesters, editable by the teacher. Add an optional DPA column on 1-12 for grade 9.
The scales, ready to copy
These are the scales as MarkBook shows them in the scale editor. Build yours with the same grades, descriptions and weights. Each scale links to the recipe that explains it on Set Up Any Grading System.
Ukraine · П–В
Judgement scale for years 3-4 (Початкова освіта, 3-4 класи (primary, upper years)). Build it in Configuration → Assessment → Judgement scales. Recipe: Words instead of marks.
| Grade | Description | Weight | Pass |
|---|---|---|---|
| В | високий · High | 4 | yes |
| Д | достатній · Sufficient | 3 | yes |
| С | середній · Average | 2 | yes |
| П | початковий · Initial | 1 | no |
Ukraine · 1–12
Attainment scale for years 5-9 (Базова середня освіта (basic/lower secondary, gymnasium)). Build it in Configuration → Assessment → Attainment scales. Recipe: Whole-number marks.
| Grade | Description | Weight | Pass |
|---|---|---|---|
| 12 | високий рівень · High level (top) | 12 | yes |
| 11 | високий рівень · High level | 11 | yes |
| 10 | високий рівень · High level (low) | 10 | yes |
| 9 | достатній рівень · Sufficient level (top) | 9 | yes |
| 8 | достатній рівень · Sufficient level | 8 | yes |
| 7 | достатній рівень · Sufficient level (low) | 7 | yes |
| 6 | середній рівень · Average level (top) | 6 | yes |
| 5 | середній рівень · Average level | 5 | yes |
| 4 | середній рівень · Average level (low) | 4 | yes |
| 3 | початковий рівень · Initial level (top) | 3 | no |
| 2 | початковий рівень · Initial level | 2 | no |
| 1 | початковий рівень · Initial level (low) | 1 | no |
Before you rely on this page
Confidence: medium
The main orders (813/2021, 289/2022, 1093/2024) were not opened. 'Pass 4' is an interpretation: the 12-point scale has no formal pass mark, and level 1-3 leads to an individual plan or a repeated year only in core subjects. I could not open the full texts of orders 813/2021, 289/2022 or 1093/2024, so the exact verbal descriptors for grades 1-2 and the exact rules for combining groups of results are not confirmed. No national rounding rule found. DPA cancellations are confirmed for 2024/25 (bill 12053); I did not confirm whether DPA is held in 2025/26. The 12-year lyceum timeline may shift. The 5-point conversion is inferred from the ENIC table layout.
Sources (5)
- Eurydice - Ukraine: Assessment in single structure education (official)
- ENIC Ukraine - Knowledge assessment system (12-point levels) (official)
- UCEQA (testportal.gov.ua) - Admission / school leaving examinations scales (official)
- Osvita.ua - Assessment in NUS grades 5-9: MESU explanations (order 1093)
- Osvita.ua - Pupils exempted from DPA in 2025