🇹🇷 Turkey (Türkiye)
This page describes how schools in Turkey (Türkiye) grade pupils, from the first year of primary school (year 1, about age 6–7) to the end of upper secondary, and how to build the same system in MarkBook. Back to Find Your Country.
Check the current rules
This description comes from public sources (ministry pages, national laws, Eurydice) read in October 2026. Rules change with reforms, and schools often have local rules. Check the current official text for anything your school reports to the ministry.
How pupils are graded
Before year 1: Okul öncesi (pre-school, ages 3-5/6) is not graded; development observed with forms. Primary starts at about 69-72 months.
| Years | Stage | Scale | Pass | Recipe |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1-4 | İlkokul (primary) | Descriptors, no points (Çok iyi / İyi / Geliştirilmeli; 'Yeterli' added in 2023) | No pass mark; repetition exceptional and on parent request | Words |
| 5-8 | Ortaokul / İmam hatip ortaokulu (lower secondary) | 0-100, 100 best | 50 per subject; 70 for Turkish (since Oct 2023) | Number columns |
| 9-12 | Lise (upper secondary: Anadolu, fen, sosyal bilimler, mesleki) | 0-100, 100 best | 50 (course passed if mean of two semesters >= 50, or semester 2 >= 70) | Number columns |
Values in İlkokul (primary)
| Value | Local word | English |
|---|---|---|
| Çok iyi | Çok iyi | Very good |
| İyi | İyi | Good |
| Yeterli | Yeterli | Sufficient |
| Geliştirilmeli | Geliştirilmeli | Needs improvement |
Values in Ortaokul / İmam hatip ortaokulu (lower secondary)
| Value | Local word | English |
|---|---|---|
| 85-100 | Pekiyi (5) | Excellent |
| 70-84.99 | İyi (4) | Good |
| 60-69.99 | Orta (3) | Average |
| 50-59.99 | Geçer (2) | Pass |
| 0-49.99 | Geçmez (1) | Fail |
Values in Lise (upper secondary: Anadolu, fen, sosyal bilimler, mesleki)
| Value | Local word | English |
|---|---|---|
| 85-100 | Pekiyi | Excellent |
| 70-84.99 | İyi | Good |
| 60-69.99 | Orta | Moderate |
| 50-59.99 | Geçer | Passes |
| 0-49.99 | Geçmez | Does not pass |
The year. Two semesters (dönem). Report card (karne / e-Karne) or development report at the end of each semester, in January and June. Since 2023-24 nationally coordinated common written exams (ortak sınav) on fixed dates.
Averages and rounding. Term score = arithmetic mean of written exam scores and performance / project scores (lise: two written exams per course per semester, a third possible for 6+ weekly hours; at least one performance task per course per semester and one project per year). Year-end score = mean of the two semester scores; computed to four decimals, half and above rounded up. Year-end achievement score = sum(year-end score x weekly hours) / sum(weekly hours), two decimals. Diploma score = derived from the year-end achievement scores across high school (method not confirmed).
Passing the year. Ortaokul: below 50 in a subject (below 70 in Turkish) or 20+ unexcused absence days - the branch teachers' council decides promotion or repetition. Lise (from 2023-24, phased from grade 9): pass directly with at most one failed course and year-end achievement score >= 50; up to three failed courses pass as 'sorumlu' (must retake via make-up exams); four or more failed courses = repeat. Unexcused absence over 10 days or total over 30 days = fail regardless of scores. A grade may be repeated only once in secondary. Awards: weighted average 70-84.99 = Teşekkür, 85+ = Takdir certificate (all courses passed, full behaviour score).
Conduct. Primary: behaviour rated each term by the class teacher per EK-4 criteria as (1) Geliştirilmeli, (2) İyi, (3) Çok iyi, recorded in e-Okul. Secondary: behaviour handled by the behaviour board with sanctions on file; award certificates require an unreduced behaviour score. No graded conduct mark on the lise karne is confirmed.
Differences between regions or school types. National system (MEB), same in all provinces. School types differ (Anadolu, fen, imam hatip, mesleki ve teknik, açık lise) in subjects and weekly hours, which changes weights. Vocational training centres (MESEM) have extra rules. Described: Anadolu lise and regular ortaokul.
Common practice that is not official. Teachers keep rubric points for performance tasks, plus/minus marks in a notebook, and 'sözlü' (oral) marks, then enter one score in e-Okul. Not official beyond what e-Okul records.
National exams.
- LGS (Liselere Geçiş Sistemi) central exam (year 8): Score up to 500
- YKS (TYT + AYT + YDT) university entrance (year 12): Standard scores 100-500; diploma score (OBP) adds a share
Words you will meet
puan = score (official word since 2025 amendments, replacing 'not'); not = mark (colloquial); dönem puanı = term score; yıl sonu puanı = year-end score; yıl sonu başarı puanı = year-end achievement (weighted) score; ortalama = average; dönem = semester; karne = report card; gelişim raporu = development report; e-Okul = national school information system; davranış = behaviour.
Set it up in MarkBook
Primary (1-4): a descriptor scale Çok iyi / İyi / Yeterli / Geliştirilmeli (points 4/3/2/1, no fail) plus comment columns for the gelişim raporu, and a behaviour scale 3/2/1. Secondary: a 0-100 points scale with bands Pekiyi 85, İyi 70, Orta 60, Geçer 50, Geçmez below 50. Per semester per subject: Exam 1, Exam 2 (Exam 3 optional), Performance 1, Performance 2, Project (once a year). Calculated term score = mean of those, two decimals. Year-end score = (Term 1 + Term 2)/2, rounded half up; pass at 50 (Turkish 70 in ortaokul) or Term 2 >= 70 in lise. Calculated year-end achievement score = weighted mean by weekly hours, two decimals; Teşekkür 70-84.99, Takdir 85+.
The scales, ready to copy
These are the scales as MarkBook shows them in the scale editor. Build yours with the same grades, descriptions and weights. Each scale links to the recipe that explains it on Set Up Any Grading System.
Turkey · Words
Judgement scale for years 1-4 (İlkokul (primary)). Build it in Configuration → Assessment → Judgement scales. Recipe: Words instead of marks.
| Grade | Description | Weight | Pass |
|---|---|---|---|
| Çok iyi | Very good | 4 | yes |
| İyi | Good | 3 | yes |
| Yeterli | Sufficient | 2 | yes |
| Geliştirilmeli | Needs improvement | 1 | yes |
Before you rely on this page
Confidence: medium
The English Eurydice pages returned 404, and the rules change often (2023, 2025 and the Maarif Model). The '70 for Turkish' pass in years 5-8 is not supported by an opened official source. Check it against the MEB ortaöğretim/ortaokul regulation before you publish it. Eurydice Türkiye English primary/lower secondary pages returned 404; data comes from the Turkish Eurydice page, MEB and press. Grade 4 score removal (Oct 2023) confirmed only by press. Ortaokul number of exams and performance tasks per term not confirmed. Whether the 1-5 word bands still print on karne is not confirmed. LGS and YKS scales and diploma score formula not verified from opened sources. Rules are changing fast: 2023 secondary regulation (class repetition back), Oct 2023 and Jan 2025 primary amendments, 2024-25 'Türkiye Yüzyılı Maarif Modeli' curriculum.
Sources (6)
- Eurydice - Türkiye: Assessment in general upper secondary education (official)
- Eurydice (TR) - İlköğretimde değerlendirme (official)
- MEB - Ortaöğretim Kurumları Yönetmeliği'nde yapılan değişiklik (8 Sept 2023) (official)
- Alomaliye - Resmî Gazete 17 Jan 2025 summary: Okul Öncesi Eğitim ve İlköğretim Kurumları Yönetmeliği değişikliği
- Sözcü - Sınıf geçme puanı yükseltildi (Oct 2023 amendment)
- Hürriyet - Takdir-teşekkür hesaplama yöntemi, ağırlıklı puan